Sample CodeiOS, iPadOS, Mac Catalyst, macOS, visionOSReviewed 2026-07-21View on Apple Developer

BOT-anist

At a glance

Item Summary
Purpose Build a multiplatform app that uses windows, volumes, and animations to create a robot botanist’s greenhouse.
App architecture BOTanistApp composes WindowGroup + volumetric window around ContentView; AppState holds shared experience state and RealityKit components and systems own per-entity behavior.
Main patterns SwiftUI scene composition, SwiftUI–RealityKit bridge, Observable state owner, Entity-component-system, Async update consumer
Project style Code-rich sample with 30 scanned Swift file(s) and 2782 Swift line(s); resources and generated assets are excluded from those counts.

Project structure

Source bundle/
├── BOT-anist/BOTanistApp.swift  # BOTanistApp
├── Packages/BOTanistAssets/Sources/BOTanistAssets/Components/PlantComponent.swift  # PlantComponent, PlantTypeKey
├── BOT-anist/Robot/RobotData.swift  # RobotData, RobotMaterial, BodyType
├── BOT-anist/Views/RobotView.swift  # RobotView, ResizableRealityView, StartPlantingButtonView
├── BOT-anist/Views/ContentView.swift  # ContentView
├── BOT-anist/AppState.swift  # AppPhase, AppState
├── BOT-anist/Components/JointPinComponent.swift  # JointPinComponent
├── BOT-anist/Systems/JointPinSystem.swift  # JointPinSystem
└── Packages/BOTanistAssets/Package.realitycomposerpro/ProjectData/main.json  # authored RealityKit content

Structure observations

  • The runtime boundary is WindowGroup + volumetric window; the pruned tree lists only files that explain lifecycle, state, or framework integration.
  • App code is split into role-named views, models, managers, providers, components, or systems.
  • Authored .reality or Reality Composer Pro content is a real implementation boundary; Swift loads or drives it rather than reproducing its entity graph.

Overall architecture

Reference code

BOT-anist/BOTanistApp.swift:16 — the app or executable entry declares the outer scene lifecycle.

struct BOTanistApp: App {
    // ...
}

The diagram is a responsibility flow, not a claim that every adjacent node directly calls the next. It keeps scene ownership, shared state, RealityKit content, and framework-provider work at separate levels.

Ownership and state

Ownership evidence

BOT-anist/BOTanistApp.swift:20 — representative stored state or the nearest verified lifecycle anchor.

    @State private var appState = AppState()

    /// The initial 3D dimensions of the volumetric window.
    private var initialVolumeSize: Size3D = Size3D(width: 900, height: 500, depth: 900)
    
    /// The initial 2D dimensions of the content view window.
    private var initialWindowSize: CGSize = CGSize(width: 1166, height: 680)
Owner Object or state Relationship Mutation authority
BOTanistApp AppState as appState creates and retains Only the declaring scope writes
ContentView AppState as appState receives a shared/non-owning reference The upstream owner controls lifetime; this scope may invoke its mutable API
BOTanistApp Size3D as initialVolumeSize creates and retains Only the declaring scope writes
PlantAnimationProvider PlantAnimationProvider as shared creates and retains The owning type coordinates writes

Ownership here is deliberately narrow: @Environment and weak references are shared links, initialized @State or stored services are lifecycle ownership, and a RealityView content closure owns additions to its entity graph without making the SwiftUI view a reference-type owner.

Class and protocol design

Type Responsibility Depends on or conforms to
BOTanistApp (BOT-anist/BOTanistApp.swift:16) Declares app scenes and top-level dependency lifetime. App
ContentView (BOT-anist/Views/ContentView.swift:14) Presents UI and forwards gestures or lifecycle events. View
AppState (BOT-anist/AppState.swift:27) Owns observable feature state and domain transitions. Concrete framework collaborators
JointPinComponent (BOT-anist/Components/JointPinComponent.swift:11) Stores RealityKit entity data. Component
JointPinSystem (BOT-anist/Systems/JointPinSystem.swift:11) Updates matching RealityKit entities. System
PlantComponent (Packages/BOTanistAssets/Sources/BOTanistAssets/Components/PlantComponent.swift:11) Stores RealityKit entity data. Component, Codable
PlantAnimationProvider (BOT-anist/PlantAnimationProvider.swift:16) Wraps a framework or transport capability. Concrete framework collaborators

The source defines no local substitution protocol in the reviewed boundary. Its protocol use is framework-facing (App, View, RealityKit/ARKit protocols, or platform adapters), so this document does not label the whole app protocol-oriented.

Access control

Symbol Access Verified effect Likely rationale
@State private var appState = AppState() (BOT-anist/BOTanistApp.swift:20) private Use is restricted to the declaration and same-file extensions permitted by Swift. Inference: Hide implementation details and lifecycle-sensitive state.
fileprivate func pinEntity(indices: [Int], (BOT-anist/Systems/JointPinSystem.swift:42) fileprivate Use is restricted to declarations in this source file. Inference: Share a helper across same-file extensions without making it module-wide.
public var growAnimations = [PlantComponent.PlantTypeKey: AnimationReso... (BOT-anist/PlantAnimationProvider.swift:20) public The declaration is available to importing modules, subject to its containing type’s visibility. Inference: Satisfy a cross-target or framework-facing surface without implying subclassability.
@Environment(\.openWindow) internal var openWindow (BOT-anist/Views/RobotView.swift:130) internal With no narrower modifier, Swift keeps the declaration module-internal. Inference: Allow app-target collaboration without exporting a library API.

No reviewed declaration uses private(set), open; unmodified Swift declarations are internal.

Reference code

BOT-anist/BOTanistApp.swift:20 — representative visibility boundary.

@main
struct BOTanistApp: App {
    // ...
    @State private var appState = AppState()
    // ...
}

Logic ownership and placement

Logic Owning type or file Placement rationale
Scene declaration and dependency lifetime BOTanistApp The App/entry boundary determines window, volume, and immersive-space lifetime.
Presentation, attachments, and gestures ContentView SwiftUI view code forwards user intent and RealityView lifecycle events.
Shared feature state and commands AppState A role-named owner prevents sibling views from duplicating transitions.
Per-frame entity behavior BOT-anist/Systems/JointPinSystem.swift:11 RealityKit systems query component data instead of centralizing every entity update in SwiftUI.

Design patterns

Pattern Source evidence Purpose or tradeoff
SwiftUI scene composition BOT-anist/BOTanistApp.swift:16 Keeps windows, volumes, and immersive-space lifecycle visible at the app boundary.
SwiftUI–RealityKit bridge BOT-anist/Views/RobotView.swift:21 Builds and updates a RealityKit entity graph from SwiftUI lifecycle closures.
Observable state owner BOT-anist/AppState.swift:27 Shares feature state across multiple views without moving framework resources into view values.
Entity-component-system BOT-anist/Systems/JointPinSystem.swift:11 Stores per-entity data in components and advances behavior in registered RealityKit systems.
Async update consumer BOT-anist/PlantAnimationProvider.swift:28 Consumes provider or event streams in cancellable structured tasks.

Naming conventions

  • Role suffixes are evidence, not decoration: App: BOTanistApp; Provider: PlantAnimationProvider; View: ContentView, ExplorationView, FaceSelectorView, LightColorSelectView, MaterialColorSelectView.
  • ECS names pair data and behavior: components JointPinComponent, PlantComponent; systems JointPinSystem.
  • Protocols: no app-defined protocol in the reviewed source.
  • Commands use verb-led methods: partForMaterialName, color, randomColor, face, hash, handleDrag, adjustRobotToFillCenterOfView.
  • Files generally match their primary type; Views, Models, Managers, Providers, Components, Systems, and Packages folders describe architectural roles where present.

Architecture takeaways

  • Treat BOTanistApp as the owner of scene declarations, not as the owner of every RealityKit entity created later.
  • Keep view-local interaction in SwiftUI, but move provider sessions, playback resources, shared game state, or transport state into a stable owner when their lifetime exceeds one render pass.
  • Use RealityKit components for per-entity data and systems for repeated simulation instead of a monolithic view model.

Source map

Source file Relevant symbols
BOT-anist/BOTanistApp.swift:16 BOTanistApp
Packages/BOTanistAssets/Sources/BOTanistAssets/Components/PlantComponent.swift:11 PlantComponent, PlantTypeKey
BOT-anist/Robot/RobotData.swift:15 RobotData, RobotMaterial, BodyType, RobotPart, RobotLightColor, RobotFace
BOT-anist/Views/RobotView.swift:13 RobotView, ResizableRealityView, StartPlantingButtonView
BOT-anist/Views/ContentView.swift:14 ContentView
BOT-anist/AppState.swift:15 AppPhase, AppState
BOT-anist/Components/JointPinComponent.swift:11 JointPinComponent
BOT-anist/Systems/JointPinSystem.swift:11 JointPinSystem